The impact of 3D printing on traditional construction supply chains: Challenges, benefits, and a proposed framework

Abstract

The construction supply chain is surrounded by various challenges which hinder its effectiveness. The increasing need for housing due to the fast-growing population in North America is a matter of concern for decision makers. 3D printing or additive manufacturing is an emerging technology that is being considered as a potential solution to housing issues. The purpose of this study is to highlight the existing challenges encountered by traditional construction supply chains and the potential advantages that 3D printing, or specifically 3D concrete printing, can offer in overcoming these challenges with the help of mitigation strategies. In order to achieve this goal, a systematic review is carried out. This review revealed a total of eleven (11) obstacles concerning material, cost, and environment. Moreover, eight (8) benefits of 3D concrete printing were identified from various sources of literature. Literature also provided the groundwork for linking these challenges with the functions of the construction supply chain and the benefits that result from applying 3D printing. Expert validation for the challenges and benefits is achieved through the employment of exploratory factor analysis. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to show the structural relationship between the findings using interpretative structural modelling and the MICMAC method. This relational hierarchy has aided in identifying the most significant challenges and benefits to address. Finally, a framework based on literature has been proposed to demonstrate how these challenges, functions and benefits can interact within the construction supply chain. In this framework, mitigation strategies have been suggested to assist decision makers mitigate the impacts of these challenges on the functions of the construction supply chain. Keywords: 3D Concrete Printing; Additive Manufacturing; 3D Printing; Construction Supply Chain; Challenges; Impacts, PRISMA, Systematic Literature Review, Interpretative Structural Modeling.